Leviticus 22:10-13 (ESV)
“A lay person shall not eat of a holy thing; no foreign guest of the priest or hired worker shall eat of a holy thing, but if a priest buys a slave as his property for money, the slave may eat of it, and anyone born in his house may eat of his food. If a priest’s daughter marries a layman, she shall not eat of the contribution of the holy things. But if a priest’s daughter is widowed or divorced and has no child and returns to her father’s house, as in her youth, she may eat of her father’s food; yet no lay person shall eat of it.
Because of God’s holiness, the people of Israel had to follow all the instructions of Leviticus, with fidelity. They did not and that is why they would eventually go into captivity. God had a designed way for people to come to Him. In the above passage we read that since God had designed that only priest from the tribe of Levi could come to Him, no lay person would be allowed to follow. Perhaps this is what is so amazing in the contrast of the Old and New Testaments. In the Old Testament everyone had access to God, but in the Old it was the priest from the tribe of Levi that carried their sacrifices. In the New Testament we see also that anyone can come to HIm, but now directly through the Son. Note what the book of Hebrews tells us:
Hebrews 10:22 (ESV)
let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.
In the Old the lay person was unclean. God had only made the tribe of Levi a clean to come into His presence. In the New, all those who come to Christ and made clean and can come before God, through His Son.
Hebrews 4:16 (ESV)
Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.
We can come in full assurance and in complete confidence, because of Christ’s sacrifice. No more distinction between the lay person and the professional priest.