Leviticus 12:1-5 (ESV)
Purification After Childbirth
The LORD spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the people of Israel, saying, If a woman conceives and bears a male child, then she shall be unclean seven days. As at the time of her menstruation, she shall be unclean. And on the eighth day the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised. Then she shall continue for thirty-three days in the blood of her purifying. She shall not touch anything holy, nor come into the sanctuary, until the days of her purifying are completed. But if she bears a female child, then she shall be unclean two weeks, as in her menstruation. And she shall continue in the blood of her purifying for sixty-six days.
In our society and time period of life it is difficult to understand the above passage concerning childbearing. We have sanitized hospitals and birthing centers and take all kinds of caution when a child is born.
In the days that Leviticus was written, however, giving birth was certainly a joy to fathers and mothers, but there was also extreme risk of infection and imminent death. The instructions in the above passage are written to do two things: 1) Protect the mother from diseases caused by complications and/or infection. 2) Keep worship holy and the worship center pure. Both were paramount to the nation.
This entire section of Leviticus (chapters 10-12) are about keeping the camp (remember, they were in the wilderness this entire time) pure and holy. The reason for the certain foods they could eat and could not eat had to do with safety as much as ceremony.
It is important to know that God was giving them instructions for their own safety. But all of God’s instruction are for our safety, security and stability. Probably the best way to summarize this entire section is found in just reading Psalm 1:
Psalms 1 (ESV)
Blessed is the man
who walks not in the counsel of the wicked,
nor stands in the way of sinners,
nor sits in the seat of scoffers;
but his delight is in the law of the LORD,
and on his law he meditates day and night.
He is like a tree
planted by streams of water
that yields its fruit in its season,
and its leaf does not wither.
In all that he does, he prospers.
The wicked are not so,
but are like chaff that the wind drives away.
Therefore the wicked will not stand in the judgment,
nor sinners in the congregation of the righteous;
for the LORD knows the way of the righteous,
but the way of the wicked will perish.